PDUs (Power Distribution Units) are widely recognised as a fundamental part of the electrical infrastructure within data centres, server rooms, and equipment racks. They allocate electrical power from a primary supply to multiple pieces of equipment such as servers, switches, storage devices, and communication hardware.

In environments where continuous availability is essential, PDUs help ensure stable and reliable power delivery across IT systems. Without effective distribution, equipment performance can be compromised.

How Do PDUs Work?

A standard power supply often connects to only one or two devices. Modern IT facilities, however, require electricity for large numbers of units operating at the same time. PDUs resolve this issue by allowing a centralised supply to provide electricity to multiple outlets.

This enables IT teams to manage power delivery across racks without installing separate power supplies for each item. As a result, infrastructure remains organised and easier to maintain.

Rack-Mounted PDUs

PDUs are commonly installed within server racks. Rack mounted PDUs can be placed either vertically or horizontally, depending on the rack layout.

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• Vertical units usually extend along the rear of the rack and supply electricity without using equipment mounting space.


• Horizontal units are installed across rack spaces where space is available.

Placement depends on rack configuration and overall load demands.

Different Types of Power Distribution Units

Standard PDUs

Basic PDUs provide straightforward electrical distribution without additional monitoring features. They are used where power management is handled through external systems.

Metered PDUs

Metered PDUs include built-in displays that show load levels and allow technicians to monitor power usage. This lowers the risk of overloads by offering insight into electrical demand.

Switched Units

Switched PDUs allow individual outlets to be turned on or off remotely. In the event of equipment failure, IT teams can reboot hardware without being physically present at the cabinet, reducing service disruption and simplifying management tasks.

Monitoring Rack Conditions

Stable rack conditions inside server racks is important. Some PDUs include sensors that measure heat and moisture levels. These readings help facilities teams identify overheating risks before equipment becomes damaged.

Consistent monitoring supports hardware performance and reduces the likelihood of system failure.

Load Balancing Capabilities

Balanced power distribution is another important function of PDUs. By distributing electrical demand across different circuits, PDUs help prevent one power source from becoming overloaded. Balanced loads improve system stability and lower the chance of electrical faults.

Working Alongside Backup Power

Many organisations rely on uninterrupted system availability for daily operations. PDUs often form part of wider backup systems that may include UPS systems and standby generators. When combined with these systems, PDUs help maintain continued operation during electrical interruptions.

Inspection and Compliance

Regular checks of PDUs helps ensure electrical safety. Technicians should examine input connections, outlet integrity, and cable management within each rack. Ongoing testing supports compliance with workplace safety regulations and reduces the likelihood of electrical hazards.

Why PDUs Remain Essential

As data centres continue to expand, the role of PDUs remains fundamental. Reliable power distribution supports the performance of network infrastructure and protects equipment from electrical risk. With appropriate installation and monitoring, PDUs help maintain consistent performance within modern IT environments.